Abstract
On the basis of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, a theory of Casimir forces in the presence of linearly amplifying bodies is presented which provides a consistent framework for studying the effect of, e.g., amplifying left-handed metamaterials on dispersion forces. It is shown that the force can be given in terms of the classical Green tensor and that it can be decomposed into a resonant component associated with emission processes and an off-resonant Lifshitz-type component. We explicitly demonstrate that our theory extends additive approaches beyond the dilute-gas limit.
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