Impact des nouveaux critères de dépistage sur la prévalence du diabète gestationnel

Abstract

To evaluate the impact of the new IADPSG thresholds on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence. Universal screening for GDM was performed in 200 consecutive patients at 24 to 28 weeks with 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The prevalence of GDM was 14.0%. We observed that among the 28 patients with GDM, 16 (57.1%) had only one abnormal value, 10 (35.7%) two abnormal values and only two (7.2%) had three abnormal values. For the 16 patients with one abnormal value, 13 of them (81.2%) have an abnormal fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Patients with GDM had an increased body mass index (29.6 kg/m(2) vs 25.1 kg/m(2), P<0.001) and more important rates of familial history of type II diabetes (46.4% vs 21.5%, P<0.005) and history of GDM in a previous pregnancy (21.4% vs 2.9%, P<0.002) compared to non-GDM patients. Birth weight was increased in offspring of mothers with GDM (3451.3g vs 3387.4 g, P<0.05). Our study found an increased rate of GDM with the new IADPSG criteria compared to previous published data. Higher rates of GDM represent a challenge for the organization of perinatal teams involved in GDM care.