IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS – PROBLEMS AND PRIORITIES IN NURSING

Abstract

Introduction: Immunizations represent the most effective and most useful prophylactic activity to achieve individual and collective immunity against a particular infectious disease. Over the last decade the number of non-immunized children has increased in the country. This problem should become a priority for solving for every country according to the WHO. The implementation of obligatory planned immunizations and reimmunizations as well as targeted immunizations and recommended immunizations include the nurse as an active participant in the medical team that carries out them. The operation of the physician and the nurse are leading and very responsible.
 Objective: To outline the problems and priorities in the nursing activity related to immunoprevention in the conditions of primary care.
 Material and Methods: Study was conducted in the 2019. on the territory in Sofia, in, with 560 children up to 18 years subject to immunization. Documentary methods, lectures and statistical methods were used.
 Results and discussion: Immunization prophylaxis is precisely regulated and performed by medical teams in outpatient care. It has a number of specifics and requires knowledge, communication and technical skills from the nurse.
 Conclusions: The control of the implementation of the preventive measures is carried out correctly by the structures of the RHI and the doctor in the ambulatory. Nursing care related to immune prophylaxis requires the nurse to know and accurately complete and complete the documentation, plan, transport and store the vaccinations that are administered properly. To be able to motivate and explain to the parents the necessity of the immunizations and the reimmunizations as well as their behaviour in case of post-vaccination reactions. Increasing the health culture of parents regarding immune prophylaxis will lead to a decrease in non-immunized children due to refusal and will also improve and broaden the immune prophylaxis in the country.