Abstract
Nutrition has proven to be of great importance for the postoperative clinical outcome. Several studies have shown that infectious complications in the surgical patient , are reduced by pre- or postoperative nourishment. We discuss cellular immunity in relation to both enteral and parenteral nutrition and present an updated literature study of current evidence. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of studies, that compare different immunological parameters in the surgical patient being nourished either enterally or parenterally.
Highlights
Nutrition has proven to be of great importance for the postoperative clinical outcome
We conducted a literature search in PubMed by 2 independent investigators focusing on cellular immune response parameters, the surgical patient and the perioperative period
Measurements of cellular immunity activity are often described according to the percentage of different “clusters of differentiation” (CD) eg
Summary
Nutrition has proven to be of great importance for the postoperative clinical outcome. Several studies have shown that by selective nourishing of patients undergoing surgery, infectious complications are reduced [1,2,3]. The primary aim was to investigate evidence for changes in immunologic parameters dependent on different routes of nutrition (enteral or parenteral). MeSH terms used were: “enteral nutrition”, “parenteral nutrition”, “cellular immune response”, “surgery”. The optimal pathway (either preoperatively or postoperatively) to nourish patients is unknown. Some studies suggest that nourishing patients parenterally does not significantly reduce infections postoperatively [1, 4, 5]
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