Immunohistochemical Study of Macrophages of Sciatic Rat Nerve after Damage and Subperineural Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

The dynamics of the processes of Wallerian degeneration in the Wistar-Kyoto rat sciatic nerve after injury (ligation, 40 s) was studied.The density of Iba-1+ macrophages and the state of myelin fibers stained with Luxol strong blue in the distal segment of the nerve at different times after injury were studied. Parts of rats were subperineurally transplanted with MSCs from the bone marrow of Wistar-Kyoto rats. It was shown that the highest distribution density of macrophages in the distal segment of the nerve was observed 7 days after surgery. The use of cell therapy leads to a decrease in the number of macrophages during this period and to a delay in the demyelination of damaged nerve fibers. Sixty days after the operation, the macrophage population density and the number of remyelinated regenerating nerve fibers of the distal nerve segment did not differ in control (ligature) and experimental (ligature and MSC injection) animals. The molecular mechanisms of the noted changes in the early stages after injury require further research.