Immunoglobulin G Concentrations in Alpaca Colostrum during the First Four Days after Parturition.

Abstract

Simple SummaryDuring the first days after parturition, mammalian milk (colostrum) is specifically formulated to nourish newborns. Immunoglobulins are a particularly important component for newborn New World camelids, as their immune system is almost totally dependent on the intestinal transfer of colostral immunoglobulins to acquire passive immunity. In this study, colostrum samples were collected from 20 alpaca mares in the first four days after parturition and analyzed for their immunoglobulin concentration. Sampling started on the day of parturition. The associations of immunoglobulins with other components were determined. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations decreased significantly within the first four days after parturition. The correlation coefficients between IgG content and the content of various minerals were significant but variable. The correlation between IgG content and fat and lactose content was negative but between IgG content and protein content was highly positive. This strong association could be used for a brief estimation of the IgG content of the colostrum based on the measured protein concentration. The results of the present study can be used for the development of colostrum replacers where motherless rearing is required.Colostrum provides the newborn with nutrients and immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins and their intestinal transfer play a major role in the immune system of neonates since they are born agammaglobulinemic. In this study immunoglobulin G (IgG) content was determined in alpaca colostrum and the correlations of the IgG concentration by fat, protein, lactose and minerals were calculated. Colostrum samples were collected daily from 20 multiparous alpaca mares during the first four days after parturition. The IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion using a Camelid IgG Test Kit. The IgG concentration decreased significantly from 26,319 mg/dL on day 1 to 3848.8 mg/dL on day 4. There were significant correlations between IgG concentration and the other components of the colostrum. While the correlations between IgG and fat (r = −0.69, p ≤ 0.001) and lactose (r = −0.64, p ≤ 0.001) were negative, the correlations with protein (r = 0.91, p ≤ 0.001), magnesium (r = 0.86, p ≤ 0.001) and cobalt (r = 0.87, p ≤ 0.001) were strongly positive. Due to the strong association, the colostrum protein concentration could be used for a brief estimation of the IgG content.