Abstract
Animals of brown Schwyz breed from pedigree farms of the Smolensk region were differentiated by their belonging to lines and related groups. Identification by blood groups was carried out according to the generally accepted technique, and the genetic structure of the uterine population of each line was established using marker alleles of the EAB locus; 12 genealogical lines were identified. The number of alleles in individual lines ranged from 15 to 53, which indicates the necessary hereditary diversity for improving the breed. At the same time, the most common B2O3Y2A`2E`2G`P`Q`Y`, I1Y2E`2G`I`G``1, G3O1T1Y2E`3F`2G``, G1O` and b markers somewhat offset the differences between them. The coefficient of genetic similarity r between lines and related groups of animals ranges from 0.20 to 0.90. Interlinear differences in milk production of cows were established.
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