Immobilized recombinant laccase over PEGylated silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles for anti-inflammatory modulation in pro-monocytic model cell line

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a nano-biosystem by covalently binding recombinant laccase from Bacillus licheniformis (rLACBL) to PEGylated silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (EMNPs-PEG) and evaluate its cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties on a pro-monocytic cell line. The active rLACBL was purified from the bacterial culture with a yield of approximately 14 mg/L and purity of about 91 %. The physicochemical characteristics of EMNP-PEG-rLACBL were confirmed using DLS, UV-Vis spectrum, FTIR, EDS, and SEM. The immobilized rLACBL exhibited improved kinetic parameters compared to the bare enzyme. The IC50 value for EMNP-PEG-rLACBL (58.7 μg/mL) was lower than that of the bare enzyme after 48 hours of treatment on U937 cells. Both EMNP-PEG-rLACBL and rLACBL significantly decreased the expression levels of key cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23) in LPS-stimulated cells, indicating promising anti-inflammatory properties of rLACBL. Given the association between chronic inflammation and cancer, this newly developed enzyme-based nanobiomedicine holds potential as a therapeutic option for inflammatory conditions and malignant diseases. However, further research is needed to validate these findings and fully assess the therapeutic potential of LACs before clinical translation can be considered.