Abstract
The immobilization of high-level radioactive wastes into borosilicate glass is the most popular process to produce waste forms. The process is appealing because of its relative simplicity and utilization of conventional glass-making technology. In a recent quantitative evaluation of candidate waste forms, the high process rating for borosilicate glass and its intermediate product performance score resulted in the overall top-ranking position.1 It is, however, obvious that glass is thermodynamically unstable relative to a chemically equivalent assemblage of crystalline phases.2 Under some circumstances, it may devitrify to form the stable crystalline assemblage.
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