Abstract
<span lang="EN-US">This paper presents a study of the immobilization of humic substances (HSs) on a polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric. In order to attach the HSs, the PP nonwoven fabric was modified in a volume of nonthermal atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) under defined conditions. An unmodified PP nonwoven fabric was used as a reference sample. The modified and unmodified samples were both dipped in an aqueous solution of potassium humate, and then the samples were washed in water and the amount of HSs attached to the PP fabric was monitored. An aqueous solution of cadmium salts was filtered through the treated fabric, the content of Cd<sup>2+</sup> in the solution was monitored using ICP-OES analysis, and the Cd<sup>2+</sup> sorbed on the fabric was proved by SEM/EDS analysis. The efficiency of the PP plasma modification was proved by XPS analysis, and the presence and the distribution of the HSs along the fibers was proved by SEM analysis.</span>
Highlights
In recent times, specialists have been taking increased interest in humic substances (HSs), because of their ability to absorb heavy metals, such as Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+.HSs are the major organic constituents of soils, natural waters, river, lake and sea sediments, peat, brown-black coals and other natural materials as a product of chemical and biological transformations of animal and plant residues [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
An atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used, because it can be brought into the production line, it has a relatively simple design, and there is no need for vacuum pumps, which are relatively expensive and require long pumping times
The XPS analysis confirmed a significant change in the chemical composition of the surface of the PP fibers after DBD plasma modification
Summary
Specialists have been taking increased interest in humic substances (HSs), because of their ability to absorb heavy metals, such as Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+.HSs are the major organic constituents of soils, natural waters, river, lake and sea sediments, peat, brown-black coals and other natural materials as a product of chemical and biological transformations of animal and plant residues [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Specialists have been taking increased interest in humic substances (HSs), because of their ability to absorb heavy metals, such as Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+. The most widely used are low pressure plasmas [13] and atmospheric plasmas [14,15,16]. Low pressure plasma treatments usually allow better surface chemistry control, but quite complicated apparatus is needed. An atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used, because it can be brought into the production line, it has a relatively simple design, and there is no need for vacuum pumps, which are relatively expensive and require long pumping times
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