Immigration from Asian Countries to Russia: a Regional Aspect

Abstract

The article considers the spatial distribution of migrants from the Asian countries from which the main influxof labor migration occurs in the regions of Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify the spatial patterns of the distribution of the migration flow. Hypothetically, it was assumed that the largest agglomerations in the country (Moscow, St. Petersburg), as well as resource regions (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) were highly attractive for migrants. The information base for the study was the data of Rosstat, presented in the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. The methods of description, comparative analysis, graphic, typological, zoning, statistical were used in the work. The spatial distribution and dynamics of migration from the countries of Central Asia are revealed: the Republic of Tajikistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republic of Turkmenistan. The Far-abroad countries characterized by the highest rates of immigration to Russia are identified: namely, the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of India, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the Republic of Afghanistan, the Syrian Arab Republic, the Republic of Turkey. For each of the countries, the specifics of the territorial distribution of migrants in Russia are indicated, the patterns of their spatial distribution are revealed. The dynamics of the migration process across the territory is reflected, new points of migration growth and regions with decaying growth are identified. The process of immigration to Russia has decreased, but has not stopped during the period of maximum restrictions in 2020, in incomplete 2021, there is a recovery growth of migration inflow. The main areas of the greatest attraction of migrants are identified: the vast Ural-Siberian region, the Moscow metropolitan agglomeration with adjacent regions, the regions of Southern Russia. The results of the work can be used by state authorities and business to predict social processes in the regions, indirectly assessthe economic situation in them, the situation on the regional labor markets. Prospective studies can be aimed at identifying patterns of intraregional, municipal distribution of the migration flow, and further tracking the dynamics and spatial distribution of migration, taking into account current statistical data.