Abstract
The aim of the paper is to prove the incompatibility of Kantian philosophy with empirical political science. The nonexistence of such a science in Kant’s structure of reason is not a coincidence that was determined by historical contingencies, it is a necessary position of his teaching. The domination of morality in Kant’s conception of practical reason does not leave any room for empirical science of politics. Firstly, introduction of methods borrowed from the natural sciences would lead to the demoralization of politics. Secondly, empirical science of politics deforms our understanding of politics. Thirdly, when politics is divorced from morality it loses its ontological foundation. Empirical science of politics that only attempts to investigate facts is incapable of understanding the role of ideas and for this reason does not distinguish between empirical and conceptual factors. Such a science does not recognize the human person as a free subject of morality and sees him as a consequence of external factors. Finally, political science that is divorced from morals deforms understanding of practical reason.
Highlights
Immanuelio Kanto iššūkis politikos mokslui empirical science of politics deforms our understanding of politics
When politics is divorced from morality it loses its ontological foundation
Empirical science of politics that only attempts to investigate facts is incapable of understanding the role of ideas and for this reason does not distinguish between empirical and conceptual factors
Summary
Immanuelio Kanto iššūkis politikos mokslui empirical science of politics deforms our understanding of politics. Empirical science of politics that only attempts to investigate facts is incapable of understanding the role of ideas and for this reason does not distinguish between empirical and conceptual factors. Kaip Grynojo proto kritiką gamtos mokslo samprata grindęs Kantas reaguotų į empirinį politikos mokslą. Grynojo proto kritikoje jis nekalba apie empirinį politikos mokslą, o Praktinio proto kritika padeda suprasti šio dalyko priežastį. Šio autoriaus požiūrį į vėliau atsiradusį politikos mokslą galima rekonstruoti remiantis jo pažinimo, mokslo ir praktinio proto sampratomis. Praktikos, moralės ir politikos sampratas, leidžiančias patikimai rekonstruoti jo požiūrį į vėliau atsiradusį empirinį politikos mokslą. Su dabartinio empirinio politikos mokslo atstovais Kantas nesutartų ne dėl jų pažinimo ribotumo, bet dėl politikos ir to, ką jis suvokė kaip mokslą, nesuderinamumo. Tai daug platesnė empirinio politikos mokslo kritika negu įprastinis jo metodologijos ribotumo įrodinėjimas
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