Abstract
Two‐dimensional, Knight‐shifted, T 2‐contrasted 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of an all‐solid‐state cell with a Na electrode and a ceramic electrolyte is employed to directly observe Na microstructural growth. A spalling dendritic morphology is observed and confirmed by more conventional post‐mortem analysis; X‐ray tomography and scanning electron microscopy. A significantly larger 23Na T 2 for the dendritic growth, compared with the bulk metal electrode, is attributed to increased sodium ion mobility in the dendrite. 23Na T 2‐contrast MRI of metallic sodium offers a clear, routine method for observing and isolating microstructural growths and can supplement the current suite of techniques utilised to analyse dendritic growth in all‐solid‐state cells.
Highlights
Two-dimensional, Knight-shifted, T2-contrasted 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of an all-solid-state cell with a Na electrode and a ceramic electrolyte is employed to directly observe Na microstructural growth
Imaging solid-state electrolytes is technically more difficult than their solution counterparts as the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) linewidths are substantially broader, this causes the T2/T2* to be short and the signal to dephase during the application of the imaging gradients
Dislocations, grain boundaries, phase boundaries, and describes the signal decay in the transverse (x,y) plane and free surfaces are other types of defects found in solids cause is routinely utilized in conventional in-vivo medical 1H MRI significant clusters of local defects and act as a diffusion to generate image contrast.[18]
Summary
Two-dimensional, Knight-shifted, T2-contrasted 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of an all-solid-state cell with a Na electrode and a ceramic electrolyte is employed to directly observe Na microstructural growth.
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