Abstract
The phenomenon of periodical gapping in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which is induced in various ways, creates challenges in focusing raw SAR data. To handle this problem, a novel method is proposed in this paper. Complex deconvolution is utilized to restore the azimuth spectrum of complete data from the gapped raw data in the proposed method. In other words, a new approach is provided by the proposed method to cope with periodically gapped raw SAR data via complex deconvolution. The proposed method provides a robust implementation of deconvolution for processing azimuth gapped raw data. The proposed method mainly consists of phase compensation and recovering the azimuth spectrum of raw data with complex deconvolution. The gapped data become sparser in the range of the Doppler domain after phase compensation. Then, it is feasible to recover the azimuth spectrum of the complete data from gapped raw data via complex deconvolution in the Doppler domain. Afterwards, the traditional SAR imaging algorithm is capable of focusing the reconstructed raw data in this paper. The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated via point target simulation and surface target simulation. Moreover, real SAR data were utilized to further demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Highlights
The development and advancement of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) improve humans’ abilities to obtain more abundant information for target surveillance with high resolution images and videos [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Nine point targets were positioned for point target simulation; these targets were labeled from T1 to T9
The Image Entropy (IE) and Image contrast (IC) analyses of real SAR data processing were generally consistent with the results shown in Figures 21 and 23, Figures 24 and 25
Summary
The development and advancement of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) improve humans’ abilities to obtain more abundant information for target surveillance with high resolution images and videos [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Along with the development process of SAR, the stability of missing or gapped raw data attracts research interest due to new mission requirements, sensor geometries, jamming, or interference that cause sparse and irregular sampling [10]. To achieve a balance between the requirement of large bandwidth and a huge amount data, azimuth periodically gapped sampling is considered to contribute to this tradeoff. Azimuth periodically gapped sampling has the potential to reduce the pressure of the big mass of data caused by large bandwidth requirement. Radar transmits MR pulses and gaps MG pulses repeatedly in the scenario of periodically gapped sampling. Periodic gapping is more practical than aperiodic gapping for SAR system design. It is more feasible to design a SAR system with transmitting periodically gapped pulses than a SAR system with transmitting randomly gapped pulses. It is valuable to develop methods for focusing azimuth periodically
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