Il rischio biologico. Punture accidentali da taglio e da punta nel settore ospedaliero

Abstract

Biohazard is one of the main risks to which Healthcare professionals are exposed and the most frequent causeis represented by biohazard accidents due to wounds by needles or blades contaminated with infected biologicalmaterial . The consequence can be the diagnosis of severe chronic disease ( Hepatitis B , Hepatitis C or AIDS/HIV) which is classified as a professional disease with legal outcomes . The evolution of technology has made availablea more updated standard safety toolkit , but its general introduction is slow due to its high price . Recently , thisproblem has been legally solved with specific standard Laws applied in Europe ( “ Direttiva 2010/32/EU ”) and inItaly by the introduction of the “ D.Lgs. 81/2008 e smii Titolo X-bis “ protection of wounds from blades and needlesin Hospitals and in Healthcare professional sector “ which includes specific rules to be respected by the ProfessionalJob Director/Manager , with serious legal outcomes . In particular , the Professional Job Director/Manager mustmake a careful evaluation of the risk/biohazard and define the preventive measures to be implemented in professionalpractice and the related First Aid priority procedures to be , consequently , integrated in a Prevention Scheme aimedat improving Safety condition on workplace for the Healthcare Professionals . Obviuosly , this must imply to forgetor either underestimate other types of risks(biohazard exposures , but it must simply make the “ Quality Procedure“ much easier , so that – starting from the main standard priority events – the main goal is to eliminate , or at leastsomehow , reduce all professional exposure to biohazard and /or biological risk .