Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is a factor that predisposes to many obesity-related comorbidities. The immune mechanisms controlling the inflammatory response related to the secretory activity of adipocytes and its consequences for the organism are still under investigation. Methods: 84 obese adult volunteers (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) were tested by BIA. Serum samples were collected to analyze the concentrations of interleukins IL-17A, IL-17E and IL-17F. The subjects completed the original questionnaire, the FFQ-6 food consumption frequency questionnaire and the food diary. Results: The level of IL-17E and IL-17F was positively correlated with the BMI value and the level of IL-17E increased with the content of subcutaneous fat. Its increased blood concentration was also observed in individuals who declared that they were diagnosed with atherosclerosis and/or were taking beta-blockers. Products that were related with a low level of the above-mentioned interleukins were vegetables, groats, eggs, red meat, fast-food and alcohol. The level of these interleukins was positively correlated with the frequent consumption of confectionery and breakfast cereals. Nutrients that decreased the concentrations of IL-17 isoforms were potassium, iron, vitamins B6 and C, and folic acid. Conclusions: Both IL-17E and IL-17F may be closely related to the intensity of low-grade inflammation and be biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk. Food products or the nutrients they contain may affect the levels of the above-mentioned interleukins as well as IL-17A.
Highlights
Overweight and obesity are the result of the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue as a consequence of increased energy consumption as food in relation to the body’s energy needs [1]
Taking into account the negligible amount of research focused on the level of IL-17 family interleukins in the relation to low-grade inflammation, the aim of this study was to determine whether these interleukins can be a predictor of cardiovascular disease and to identify dietary factors influencing their level
Subjects with a higher BMI had a higher level of IL-17F (r = 0.25, p = 0.025) and IL-17E
Summary
Overweight and obesity are the result of the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue as a consequence of increased energy consumption as food in relation to the body’s energy needs [1]. Excessive adipose tissue is an aesthetic issue, but mainly a health problem contributing to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and many diseases such as: type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and autoimmune diseases [4]. Both animal and human studies have confirmed that these diseases and obesity are linked to low-grade inflammation caused by the infiltration of adipose tissue by immune cells. This is evidenced by the increased level of acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory mediators in the blood serum of obese individuals [5]
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