The diagnostic value of IL-10 and IL-6 level in cerebrospinal fluid for primary central nervous system lymphoma

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Objective To investigate the expression of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. Methods Forty cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) , 11 cases of secondary central nervous system lymphomas(SCNS), 20 cases of brain metastase, 20 cases of central nervous system infection and 16 cases of other nervous system disease(ONSD) were collected during the period from July 2013 to December 2015 in Fudan University Hua Shan Hospital North. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The overall level of each group was compared using Kruskal-Wallis test. Two independent samples were compared by U Mann-Whitney test. The diagnostic value of IL-6 and IL-10 levels for PCNSL was evaluated by ROC curve. Results In PCNSL group, BM group, SCNSL group, CNSI group and ONSD group, the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were not statistically significant (H values were 4.165 and 5.368, respectively, P>0.05). IL-6 levels in CSF were significantly higher in CNSI[623.73 (1018.77-184.37) pg/ml]than those in other groups (ZPCNSL=51.36, ZSCNSL=28.18, ZBM=51.50, ZCNSI=85.45, ZONSD=42.16, P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 in CSF were significantly higher in CNSI and PCNSL than those in other groups (ZPCNSL=74.50, ZSCNSL=34.68, ZBM=35.35, ZCNSI=72.95, ZONSD=15.66, P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 in CSF in PCNSL group[64.88(20.03-206.14)pg/ml]was significantly higher than in SCNSL group[6.28(2.78-18.87)pg/ml, Z=-3.753, P<0.05], BM group[7.30(3.72-14.49)pg/ml, Z=-5.034, P<0.05]and ONSD group[3.14(2.931-4.20)pg/ml, Z=-5.786, P<0.05]. The area under the ROC curve of IL-6 and IL-10 levels in CSF was 0.461 and 0.806 respectively for the diagnosis of PCNSL. When IL-10 was 19.62 pg/ml, the sensitivity was 77.5% (31/40) and the specificity was 70.1% (47/67). The area under the ROC curve of CSF IL-6 and IL-10 levels was 0.861 and 0.718 respectively for the diagnosis of CNSI. When IL-6 was 155.12 pg/ml, the sensitivity was 80.0% (16/20) and the specificity was 90.8% (79/87). When IL-10 was 26.76 pg/ml, the sensitivity was 80.0% (16/20) and the specificity was 66.7% (58/87). Conclusion The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in CSF can be used as an indicator for the differential diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma.(Chin J Lab Med, 2016, 39: 585-588) Key words: Central nervous system neoplasms; Lymphoma; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-10; Cerebrospinal fluid