Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the thermochemical conditions for the production of low-carbon stainless steels. Austenitic stainless steels classically contain the elements iron, chromium, and nickel; chromium to give corrosion resistance and nickel to improve the ductility of the Fe–Cr alloys. However, during the production of these alloys, the presence of carbon can never be avoided. Higher carbon contents lead to the formation of M 23 C 6 mainly containing chromium, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance. It is therefore necessary to establish a production process that yields Fe–Cr–Ni–C alloys with low carbon and high chromium contents. In the converter, oxygen is blown through the liquid Fe bath, thus removing carbon as CO gas. However, chromium also has a high affinity for oxygen and oxidation of chromium from the melt is quite probable, especially if the activity of chromium oxide is reduced because it is dissolved in the slag.
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