Abstract


 
 
 In Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED) the propagator is a function that describes the probability amplitude of a particle going from point A to B. It summarizes the many paths of Feynman’s path integral approach. We propose a reverse propagator (R-propagator) that, prior to the particle’s emission, summarizes every possible path from B to A. Wave function collapse occurs at point A when the particle randomly chooses one and only one of many incident paths to follow backwards with a probability of one, so it inevitably strikes detector B. The propagator and R-propagator both calculate the same probability amplitude. The R-propagator has an advantage over the propagator because it solves a contradiction inside QED, namely QED says a particle must take EVERY path from A to B. With our model the particle only takes one path. The R-propagator had already taken every path into account. We propose that this tiny, infinitesimal change from propagator to R-propagator would vastly simplify the mathematics of Nature. Many experiments that currently describe the quantum world as weird, change their meaning and no longer say that. The quantum world looks and acts like the classical world of everyday experience.
 
 

Highlights

  • This article proposes the existence of a reverse propagator (R-propagator) that is exactly like Richard Feynman’s propagator except that it integrates in the opposite direction, prior to the emission of the particle

  • In Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED) the propagator is a function that calculates the probability amplitude of a particle going from point A to B in a certain amount of time

  • We borrow much of the mathematical argument below from Konka Ravi Teja, but we present a mirror image of Ravi Teja’s thinking because he is interested in paths from A to B, whereas we are interested in paths from B to A. (Ravi Teja 2017)

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Summary

Introduction

This article proposes the existence of a reverse propagator (R-propagator) that is exactly like Richard Feynman’s propagator except that it integrates in the opposite direction (from B to A), prior to the emission of the particle. The particle randomly chooses among the incident paths, follows one of them back to B with a probability of one. The equations for both R-propagator and propagator are identical. The R-propagator travels from B to A before the gun is fired The particle, as it surveys the infinity of incident trajectories, randomly chooses only one trajectory to follow backwards. Our model answers a question of John von Neumann, “How does the randomness get into QM when the equations all focus on predictability?” Answer: “It come from the particle, which, as it is about to leave the gun, randomly selects which of the incident paths to follow back to detector B with a probability of one..”

Two solutions to the tangled QED equations
Guide to our diagrams
The central theme of this article
R-propagator defined
Deriving the math for R-propagators in QED
Feynman’s approach
The statistics of thermal systems
The R-propagator banishes quantum weirdness
Where these ideas came from
The mathematics of Nature is simplified if we adopt R-propagators
The double slit experiment with NO wave particle duality
Why observing a slit destroys the interference pattern on the target screen
A proposed experiment testing propagators versus R-propagators
Equipment used in the experiment
Camera metaphor
Conclusion
Findings
Paths are bi-directional
Full Text
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