Abstract
Sport and urban planning – with Copenhagen as case study This article deals with the field of sport and urban planning in large cities, with special focus on the municipality of Copenhagen from 1988-2003. In the first place a situation marked by decline is shown to have existed in the field of sport in Copenhagen over recent years (especially in the central section of the city). This provides the opportunity to pose the question of primary concern: How can sport, city life and urban planning be conceived in relation to future guidelines on the politics of sport and on urban planning in a large city such as Copenhagen? The task here is to recommend a way out of decline through an analysis of the area of “sport and urban planning”. Looked at more specifically, in an attempt to break with possibly restrictive thinking patterns, questions have to asked as to the reasoning behind existing politics on this area. What forms of authoritative and legitimate rationalization (and what conditions of power) have been dominating the politics of sport in Copenhagen from 1988- 2003? And how should future guidelines be formulated in order to make sport a more integral part of the city? On this matter a hypothesis is put forward here that sport in a municipal context is subject to a dominant planning norm, which is devoted to an idea of “obligational fellowship”, and that this norm can be restrictive in regard to new thinking on how to make sport a more integral part of the city.
Highlights
»..der i dag stor interesse for sportsresultater
Sporten indtager megen plads i aviserne, i radioen og fjernsynet, men har ikke nogen fastslaaet plads i byplanen.«-«...man ved meget lidt om, hvad art rekreation de har brug for, hvor meget areal til sport og anden rekreation man vil kræve i fremtiden, og hvordan det skal fordeles.« 1
Problemstillingen operationaliseres ved at nærme sig en konkret empirisk analyse gennem en teoretisk rationalitets- og magtanalyse af feltet inspireret af den franske historiker Michel Foucault og den franske sociolog Pierre Bourdieu. Ambitionen er her at afdække traditionelle normer og former for vanetænkning både indenfor idrættensfelt, byplanlægningens felt og det samlede felt for idræt og byplanlægning
Summary
»..der (er) i dag stor interesse for sportsresultater. Sporten indtager megen plads i aviserne, i radioen og fjernsynet, men har ikke nogen fastslaaet plads i byplanen.«-«...man ved meget lidt om, hvad art rekreation de (borgerne) har brug for, hvor meget areal til sport og anden rekreation man vil kræve i fremtiden, og hvordan det skal fordeles.« 1. Man kunne således vælge at betragte 1997 som år nul i forhold til et indledende forfald, og rent faktisk er der også sket meget i årene herefter.[8] Imidlertid synes der stadig at være lang vej ud af fortidens skygge, og mere væsentligt synes der i København ikke for alvor at være fundet nogen løsning på det grundlæggende og mere kvalitative problem angående idrætten og byen. Ambitionen er her at afdække traditionelle normer og former for vanetænkning både indenfor idrættens (delings)felt, byplanlægningens felt og det samlede felt for idræt og byplanlægning. En hypotese i forhold til vanetænkningen på feltet opstilles her og går på: at idrætten i kommunalt regi er underlagt en dominerende planlægningsnorm, der helliger sig »det forpligtende fællesskab«, og at denne dominans kan virke hæmmende for en nytænkning på feltet i forhold til at ville integrere idrætten og byen.[12]
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