Abstract
La2O3 doped (Na0.495K0.455Li0.05)(Nb0.95Ta0.05)O3 ceramics are prepared using modified milling process, and the influences of La2O3 on ferroelectric behaviour, ageing characteristics, thermal stability, electrical stability, crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were reported. La2O3 addition improved the ferroelectric characteristic substantially, and obtained remnant polarization (Pr) and maximum strain (Smax) around 34.3 C/cm2 and 0.13% respectively. La2O3 doped ceramics improved the thermal stability and were stable up to 180 °C compared to undoped ceramics (120 °C). The Rietveld refinement along with the high-temperature X-ray diffraction studies suggested the presence of monoclinic phase in La doped compositions, which is responsible for their idiosyncratic behaviour. The maximum values were obtained around 179 pC/N and 0.385 for piezoelectric constant (d33) and electromechanical coupling factor (kp) respectively in La2O3 doped samples (0.02 wt%), which also exhibited the lowest ageing rate and stable electrical fatigue behaviour.
Highlights
The ferroelectric piezoceramics are widely used in various applications such as FeRAM, hydrophones, SONARs, filters, medical diagnostic devices, ultrasonic motors, and buzzers [1]
Lithium (Li) and tantalum (Ta) co-doped compositions were explored in NKN ceramics and reasonably good properties were achieved, which were often modified with other dopants to further improve the properties of interest [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]
We attempted to fill that void by extensively exploring the ferroelectric, crystal structure, and piezoelectric properties by adding La in Li and Ta co-doped NKN system
Summary
The ferroelectric piezoceramics are widely used in various applications such as FeRAM, hydrophones, SONARs, filters, medical diagnostic devices, ultrasonic motors, and buzzers [1]. Major breakthroughs of piezoelectric properties were accomplished in textured NKN based ceramics by Saito et al [2] using RTTG method. It drew a lot of attention and motivated researchers to study the NKN www.springer.com/journal/40145. We attempted to fill that void by extensively exploring the ferroelectric, crystal structure, and piezoelectric properties by adding La in Li and Ta co-doped NKN system. The piezoelectric coefficients of poled samples were measured at desired time and specified temperature for ageing and thermal stability studies respectively. The same equipment was used for measuring the ferroelectric properties of ceramics
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