Abstract
Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) are a major worldwide public health problem. The aim of this study was to use the growth mixture model for clustering countries on the basis of the mortality rate patterns of RTAs from 2007 to 2013. We obtained the data on RTA death rates from World Health Organization reports and Human Development Index (HDI) of United Nations Development Programme reports for the years 2007, 2010 and 2013. Simple Latent Growth Models (LGM) in 181 countries were applied to estimate overall RTA mortality rate growth trajectories and the latent growth mixture modeling utilized to cluster them. According to non-linear LGM, the overall mortality rate of RTAs showed a decrease from 2007 to 2010 followed by an increase from 2010 to 2013. The HDI covariate had a significant negative and positive effect on intercept and slope of the LGM, respectively. The extracted mixture model appeared to have seven classes with different trends in RTA mortality rates. The worldwide countries were clustered into seven classes. Further studies on each of the seven classes are suggested to provide recommendations for reducing the mortality rate of the RTAs. Additionally, increasing HDI in some countries could have a significant effect on reducing the RTA death rates.
Highlights
Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) occur when a motor vehicle such as a car, motorcycle or bicycle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian or other objects
More than 1.2 million people lose their lives in the road traffic accidents and between 20 and 50 million people are injured worldwide annually, and the majority of them require long-term and costly treatment [2]
Simple latent growth modeling was used to define the overall trajectory of death rate of RTAs over a period of seven years
Summary
Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) occur when a motor vehicle such as a car, motorcycle or bicycle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian or other objects. RTAs, known as a major public health problem, are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing as well as developed countries [1]. RTAs are ranked as the eighth leading cause of death, and the first cause of death in the age range of 15 to 29 years old [2]. More than 1.2 million people lose their lives in the road traffic accidents and between 20 and 50 million people are injured worldwide annually, and the majority of them require long-term and costly treatment [2]. Apart from sorrow and suffering, cause extensive social and economic loss, absorbing.
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