Abstract
Batik as an Indonesian cultural heritage has been recognized by the world in 2009 by UNESCO. This recognition does not fully go hand in hand with the sustainability of batik business and culture in Pekalongan City, especially for business actors in the next generation. This condition is caused by the minimum wage of workers due to the inequality of the subcontracting system in the batik business. This study aims to identify social learning in the batik industry development. The extent to which social learning facilitates the development of batik with regional development. Qualitative methods were carried out for data collection by using in-depth interviews with key business actors in the batik industry chain in the City and Regency of Pekalongan which were selected purposively. The results show that social learning and innovative production processes are still limited with the involvement of the regeneration of young entrepreneurs. The challenges of the batik industry in rural areas depend on how entrepreneurs can enlarge their business net works. This business needs to be more adaptive in utilizing batik not only as an industrial commodity as it is but also processing it creatively as an attraction for Pekalongan City.Keywords: Batik, social learning, sustainability
Highlights
Industri batik di Indonesia umumnya merupakan industri kecil menengah (IKM) yang menjadi mata pencaharian sebagian masyarakat desa dan kota (Wijaya et al, 2020)
This study aims to identify social learning in the batik industry development
The results show that social learning and innovative production processes are still limited with the involvement of the regeneration of young entrepreneurs
Summary
Industri batik di Indonesia umumnya merupakan industri kecil menengah (IKM) yang menjadi mata pencaharian sebagian masyarakat desa dan kota (Wijaya et al, 2020). Di dalam sistem ini margin keuntungan yang besar dimiliki oleh pemilik usaha, sedangkan pekerja atau buruh batik masih di bawah standar. Faktor pendorong dalam pemilihan batik sebagai warisan budaya tak benda oleh UNESCO dengan menilai jumlah IKM batik Indonesia pada tahun 2008 terdapat sekitar 48.000 dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja sekitar 800.100 orang, dan nilai produksi sekitar Rp2,9 triliun serta memberi kontribusi ekspor mencapai 138 juta dollar AS/tahun (Disperindag, 2007). Perkembangannya saat ini dari data tahun 2019 industri batik yang didominasi oleh industri kecil dan menengah (IKM) ini tersebar di 101 sentra di Indonesia, dengan jumlah sebanyak 47 ribu unit usaha dan telah menyerap tenaga kerja lebih dari 200 ribu orang (Kemenperin, 2019). Salah satu strategi dalam memasuki era industri 4.0 dalam industri batik adalah pendayagunaan teknologi (Pramono et al, 2018)
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