Identification of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in the Winter Wheat Collection from Southern Russia.

Andrey V Alabushev,Dmitry M Marchenko,Elena V Ionova,Nikolay V Shishkin,Nataliya N Vozhzhova,Natiya T Kupreyshvili

doi:10.3390/plants8120559

Abstract

The high yield potential of winter wheats cannot be realized due to disease pressure under field conditions. One of the most harmful of such diseases is stem rust, hence the constant search for sources of resistance and the development of new varieties resistant to stem rust is of great relevance. This study deals with the identification of stem rust resistance genes in a collection of winter wheats grown in Southern Russia. This genepool has not been studied yet. A total of 620 samples of winter soft wheat from various ecological and geographical zones were tested under field conditions. To identify the specific genes or alleles responsible for resistance, all samples were genotyped using PCR. As a result, the groups of resistant samples, carrying the Sr2, Sr31, Sr38 and Sr44 genes in various combinations, were identified. Most of the stem rust resistance was provided by the presence of the effective Sr44 gene. This information can be used in the future breeding work for stem rust resistance.

Highlights

Winter wheat is one of the main sources of food for the population in most countries of the world [1]
Samples 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 10 in Figure 1b have a diagnostic fragment of the functional allele (207 bp) of the Sr31 gene
According to Yu (Yu et al.) [16], three QTLs found in the 1BS chromosome, which is homologous to 1RS, may be due to the residual effect of Sr31, or another gene obtained from rye translocation

Summary

Introduction

Winter wheat is one of the main sources of food for the population in most countries of the world [1]. It is necessary to obtain stable and high grain yields in order to provide the population with food. The disease appears after flowering on stems and leaf sheaths, in the form of rust-brown oblong powdering with urediniospore pustules that coalesce in the form of brown stripes and tearing of the epidermis. This disease can reduce winter wheat yields by up to 80% [3]. The Ug99 stem rust emergence in 1999 [4], which overcame the rust resistance of many varieties [5], made it urgent to find sources of resistance and to identify new winter wheat varieties with these genes

Objectives

Results

Conclusion