Abstract
The use of IRAP and ISSR markers for the genetic analysis of Cerasus and Padus samples from the NCFRCHVW collection made it possible to establish the collection genetic structure and identify interspecific hybrids of cherry trees. Clustering of genotyped samples revealed 4 main clusters: 1) Bird cherry; 2) Cherries; 3) Interspecific hybrids of sakura; 4) Sakura. Most of the hybrid forms of sakura and cherries have formed a separate group, which is different from both sour and sweet cherry varieties, and from the classic sakura varieties. Also, some samples were identified that were assigned to groups that were not typical for them. These samples include the genotype of the Sibirskaya krasavitsa bird cherry, AI72 rootstock, Podbelskaya cherry, Polskaya sakura and ornamental cherry Rexii. In general, ISSR and IRAP markers have demonstrated their effectiveness as tools for genetic analysis of Prunus collections and identification of genotypes arising in the course of interspecific hybridization.
Highlights
The using of DNA marker analysis methods in genetic studies of gene pools and collections of cultivated plants makes it possible to assess the plant collections genetic structure
According to the results of isozyme analysis, representatives of the subgenus Cerasus formed a compact group among Prunus species, the similarity of allele frequencies served as an indirect confirmation of the origin of P. cerasus L. from P. avium L. and P. fruiticosa Pall, as well as P. gonduinii Rehd. from P. cerasus L. and P. avium L
The highest polymorphism, expressed in the number of polymorphic DNA fragments, was in the IRAP marker Cass1 (50 DNA fragments), the lowest polymorphism was found in the ISSR marker UBC 843 (34 DNA fragments)
Summary
The using of DNA marker analysis methods in genetic studies of gene pools and collections of cultivated plants makes it possible to assess the plant collections genetic structure. Identify the most genetically distant samples, close or synonymous genotypes, confirm or deny the species belonging of the samples under study. This approach is especially relevant in the study of complex interspecific hybrids collections. It allows evaluating the structure of a collection using genetic information about the contribution of each of the species involved in hybridization. According to the results of isozyme analysis, representatives of the subgenus Cerasus formed a compact group among Prunus species, the similarity of allele frequencies served as an indirect confirmation of the origin of P. cerasus L. from P. avium L. and P. fruiticosa Pall, as well as P. gonduinii Rehd. Analysis of chloroplast DNA showed that species pairs such as P. persica - P. dulcis; P. domestica - P
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