Identification of quantitative trait loci for yield and yield related traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under different water regimes in Niger and Senegal.

Issa Faye,Vincent Vadez,Falalou Hamidou,Ousmane Ndoye,Abhishek Rathore,Rajeev K Varshney,Manish K Pandey

doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1472-6

Abstract

Yield under drought stress is a highly complex trait with large influence to even a minor fluctuation in the environmental conditions. Genomics-assisted breeding holds great promise for improving such complex traits more efficiently in less time, but requires markers associated with the trait of interest. In this context, a recombinant inbred line mapping population (TAG 24 × ICGV 86031) was used to identify markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield and yield related traits at two important locations of West Africa under well watered and water stress conditions. Among the traits analyzed under WS condition, the harvest index (HI) and the haulm yield (HYLD) were positively correlated with the pod yield (PYLD) and showed intermediate broad sense heritability. QTL analysis using phenotyping and genotyping data resulted in identification of 52 QTLs. These QTLs had low phenotypic variance (<12 %) for all the nine traits namely plant height, primary branching, SPAD chlorophyll meter reading, percentage of sound mature kernels, 100 kernel weight, shelling percentage, HI, HYLD and PYLD. Interestingly, few QTLs identified in this study were also overlapped with previously reported QTLs detected for drought tolerance related traits identified earlier in Indian environmental conditions using the same mapping population. Accumulating these many small-effect QTLs into a single genetic background is nearly impossible through marker-assisted backcrossing and even marker-assisted recurrent selection. Under such circumstances, the deployment of genomic selection is the most appropriate approach for improving such complex traits with more precision and in less time.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1472-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an important oilseed and confectionary crop, is cultivated in [100 countries of the world
Effort was made through present study to identify genomic regions associated with drought tolerance related traits which can be deployed in improving pod yield under drought stress through genomicsassisted breeding (GAB)
Among the traits analyzed under water stress condition, the harvest index and the haulm yield were more correlated with the pod yield and have intermediate broad sense heritability

Summary

Introduction

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an important oilseed and confectionary crop, is cultivated in [100 countries of the world. It covers 24.6 million ha global area with the total harvest of 41.3 million tons and productivity of 1676 kg ha-1 (FAOSTAT 2014). Despite development of several new improved cultivars together with available management practices, the Asia and the Africa could achieve mere productivity of 2217 and 929 kg ha-1, respectively as compared to the Americas (3632 kg ha-1) (FAOSTAT 2014). Apart from pod yield, genotypes with biomass production are desirable in SAT zone, which can provide a source of additional revenue for farmers and important source of feed for animals. Unpredictable environment due to climate change has further made the task of breeders very difficult to improve these complex traits

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