Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency tolerance in rice is a complex character controlled by polygenes. Through proteomics analysis, we could find more low P tolerance related proteins in unique P-deficiency tolerance germplasm Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza Rufipogon, DXWR), which will provide the basis for the research of its regulation mechanism. In this study, a proteomic approach as well as joint analysis with transcriptome data were conducted to identify potential unique low P response genes in DXWR during seedlings. The results showed that 3589 significant differential accumulation proteins were identified between the low P and the normal P treated root samples of DXWR. The degree of change was more than 1.5 times, including 60 up-regulated and 15 downregulated proteins, 24 of which also detected expression changes of more than 1.5-fold in the transcriptome data. Through quantitative trait locus (QTLs) matching analysis, seven genes corresponding to the significantly different expression proteins identified in this study were found to be uncharacterized and distributed in the QTLs interval related to low P tolerance, two of which (LOC_Os12g09620 and LOC_Os03g40670) were detected at both transcriptome and proteome levels. Based on the comprehensive analysis, it was found that DXWR could increase the expression of purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), membrane location of P transporters (PTs), rhizosphere area, and alternative splicing, and it could decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity to deal with low P stress. This study would provide some useful insights in cloning the P-deficiency tolerance genes from wild rice, as well as elucidating the molecular mechanism of low P resistance in DXWR.
Highlights
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutralPhosphorus (P) is one of the essential macronutrients in plant growth and development.It is estimated that 43% of the world’s arable land is deficient in P, and3/4 farmlands have P shortages in China, which can result in yield reduction by 5–15% [1]
OsPT2 is the only low affinity transporter in the PHT1 family induced by Pi deprivation under the transcriptional control of OsPHR2, whereas OsPT8 is constitutively expressed high-affinity Pi transporters in rice whose expression is not affected by external Pi levels
We found that OsPHR1 OsPHR2, three OsPHO1, and the corresponding NATs showed different response trends in DXWR and NP, except for OsPHO2
Summary
It is estimated that 43% (about 5.8 billion hm2 ) of the world’s arable land is deficient in P, and. 3/4 farmlands (about 67 million hm2 ) have P shortages in China, which can result in yield reduction by 5–15% (about 25–75 billion kg) [1]. Soil available P deficiency can be improved by applying phosphate (Pi) fertilizer, the utilization rate of which plants apply it is no more than 20% [2]. This is because most of P in soil exists in the form of insoluble mineral P or bound organic P, which cannot be absorbed by plants. Plant adaptation to a P-deficiency environment covers a series of gene expression and morphophysiological events [4], such as regulation of P transporters (PTs), mycorrhizal association, phosphatase secretion, organic acid exudation, and alteration in root structure [5]
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