Abstract
The raw materials sector plays a key role in the Polish economy. The mineral raw material industry encompasses many different, sometimes highly specialized activities, such as exploration, mining, hauling, mineral processing, metallurgy and metal refining, as well as risk assessment, management (environmental, financial, legal) and marketing. The purpose of the article is to identify the market gap for business for entities or individuals in the mineral resources sector in Poland. Taking into account the European Union regulations which enforce the closure of hard coal mines in Poland by 2050, it is reasonable to identify such a gap in the raw materials area, especially since the current situation may turn out to be a new revival of the raw materials market after the pandemic period. Based on the NACE classification, a key area was identified, which is dedicated to potential entrepreneurs in the mineral resources area. Based on an internal analysis, the sectors directly related to the RM field in Poland were distinguished. Narrowing down the analyzed sections, leading areas were indicated that offer significant employment opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people who will be made redundant (often in groups) as a result of the phasing out of hard coal mining in Poland. As part of the article, the identification and analysis of key trends that have a significant impact on the functioning of companies, the industry, the region or the country, as well as threats, challenges and opportunities that may arise in the near future, was carried out. What is more, a number of scientific, research or development projects implemented in the area of mineral raw materials in the years 2010–2019 were analyzed. The authors present an innovative approach to defining the gap in the mineral raw materials sector in Poland in what regards conducting business activity, as well as an in-depth analysis of the sector in terms of enterprise development opportunities (creation of new start-up companies) and its directions. It should be mentioned that the presented research is the first attempt to analyze this issue in Poland.
Highlights
IntroductionSocial, environmental and political conditions, the sector’s transition from a traditional to a low-carbon economy and the structural changes taking place in the energy industry have resulted in a raw material market crisis
The raw material sector is currently experiencing many difficulties [1]
The identification of the key area for entrepreneurship in the mineral raw materials sector in Poland was conducted on the basis of a keyword analysis
Summary
Social, environmental and political conditions, the sector’s transition from a traditional to a low-carbon economy and the structural changes taking place in the energy industry have resulted in a raw material market crisis. These economic downturns, which cause the unstable functioning of enterprises, inhibit their development and the possibility of overcoming the risk of insolvency, especially when crises are caused by objective circumstances beyond human control [2]. In the Polish raw materials industry, it was necessary to make a number of changes to ensure the safety of workers and change the guidelines so that all activities comply with the restrictions and regulations in force because of COVID19 [4]
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