Abstract
White-grained wheat is usually more susceptible to preharvest sprouting (PHS). Accumulation of color independent grain dormancy QTLs is one of the promising ways of developing PHS tolerance in white-grained wheat. A white grained recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed from a cross between high dormant Japanese red grained wheat, 'Zenkoujikomugi' ('Zen'), and a white cultivar 'Spica'. White-grained RILs demonstrated a severe variation proving that many genes have involved in maintaining grain dormancy. Hence, to identify those dormancy QTLs of 'Zen' x 'Spica', whole genome was assessed with SSR and EST markers. Five novel grain dormancy QTLs, linked with Xwocs207 , Xcfa2163 , Xbarc243 , Xbarc44 and Xgwm577 markers were detected located on chromosomal arms 3BS, 5AL, 5BL, 5DL and 7BL, respectively. In all instances, allele contributed to comparatively higher dormancy was derived from 'Zen'. The QTL linked with Xwocs207 marker appeared to be extremely effective, stable and reliable. Usually QTLs rendering minor effects were difficult to be detected if the phenotypic variation of the population was affected by major red color genes. In the present study, since only the white-grained RILs were used, minor QTLs were also able to be investigated. Key words : Grain dormancy QTLs; EST markers; SSR markers; Preharvest sprouting; White-grained wheat DOI: 10.4038/tare.v11i0.1768 Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension Vol.11 2008 pp.1-6
Highlights
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a world wide problem causing downgrading of grain quality that leads to a significant economic loss for farmers and food producers
In this study five novel dormancy QTLs were detected by markers, Xwocs207, Xcfa2163, Xbarc243, Xbarc44 and Xgwm577 located on chromosomes
Chromosome 3B of „Zen‟ has produced very low germination % the difference between „Chinese Spring‟ (CS)‟ and „Zen‟ was not significant due to the fact that „CS‟ homologue produced low germinations. This indicated that some alleles that have affected on maintaining grain dormancy could be present in 3B of „Zen‟
Summary
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a world wide problem causing downgrading of grain quality that leads to a significant economic loss for farmers and food producers. Whitegrained wheat cultivars have long been recognized to be less resistant to PHS than red-grained ones. White-grained wheat is comparatively more preferred nowadays as it produces lighter color in whole grain bread, better color stability in noodles and higher flour extraction rate. Development of white-grained cultivars tolerant to PHS has been one of the main objectives in world breeding programmes. PHS depends on the level of grain dormancy present at the time of ripening of each wheat genotype. Prevalence of many dormancy QTLs in wheat have been reported from various germplasms many of their functions have not been characterized so far.
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