IDENTIFICATION OF GERMOPLASM OF WHEAT RESISTANT TO COMMON BUNT (TILLETIA CARIES (DC.) TUL)

Abstract

Common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.), which directly affects the yield and quality of wheat, is one of the most dangerous fungal species in the years of epiphytotic. A small infection of wheat with the pathogen (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) reduces the yield and quality of wheat in production and makes it unsuitable for use as feed. The article presents 25 local varieties of winter soft wheat and studied 23 Bt-isogenic lines. In the field, the resistance of wheat samples to the pathogen (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) collected in the wheat growing areas of the Almaty region was studied. As a result of the study, the resistance of wheat varieties to common bunt was 84%. As a result of phytopathological assessment, high resistance (R) of 15 wheat varieties to the pathogen Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul. was revealed. These include Nureke, Zhetysu, Dinara, Raminal, Karasai, Egemen-20, Talim, Reke, Naz, Kyzyl Bidai, Mereke 70, Egemen, Zhalyn, Kazakhstanskaya 25 and Manshuk. Varieties Almaly, Aliya, Sapaly, Mereke 75, Krasnovodopadskaya 210, Bogarnaya 56 are marked as resistant (MR) to common bunt. Bt-isogenic lines on the territory of Kazakhstan showed 80% avirulence to the causative agent of common bunt. 18 isogenic lines with high resistance to smut spores were identified: M84-522 to 530, RB/SEL 1403 (Bt-2), M82-542 to 550 , RB/TK 3055 (Bt-4), Red Bobs/Hohenheimer (Bt-5), M82-562 to 570), RB/TK3055(Bt-7), M78-9496, RB/PI 178210 (White Seed) (Bt-8), M84-597 to 605, RB/CI 7090. (Bt-9), M82-625, SEL M83-162(Bt-10), Doubi, DW(Bt-14), Carlton, DW(Bt-15), SEL 2092(Bt-1), SEL1102(Bt- 2), Turkey 1558(Bt-4), Hohenheimer (Bt-5), Rio(Bt-6), R63-6968(Bt-10), M82-2123(Bt-8.9.10), P.I. 119333(M82-2141),BW (Bt-12) and Thwle III.P.I. 181463, BW (Bt-13). Lines Ridit (Bt-3) and M84-532-538, RB/RDT (Bt-3), which were infected at 1%, were resistant to the disease.