Identification of Genetic Loci Affecting Flag Leaf Chlorophyll in Wheat Grown under Different Water Regimes.

Bin Yang,Ling Qiao,Yanru Feng,Chenkang Yang,Hongwei Wen,Bangbang Wu,Jun Zheng,Jiajia Zhao,Sanwei Yang,Xiaojie Wen,Xingwei Zheng

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.832898

Abstract

Chlorophyll content of the flag leaf is an important trait for drought resistance in wheat under drought stress. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of flag leaf chlorophyll content could accelerate breeding for drought resistance. In this study, we constructed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross of drought-sensitive variety DH118 and drought-resistant variety Jinmai 919, and analyzed the chlorophyll contents of flag leaves in six experimental locations/years using the Wheat90K single-nucleotide polymorphism array. A total of 29 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling flag leaf chlorophyll were detected with contributions to phenotypic variation ranging from 4.67 to 23.25%. Twelve QTLs were detected under irrigated conditions and 18 were detected under dryland (drought) conditions. Most of the QTLs detected under the different water regimes were different. Four major QTLs (Qchl.saw-3B.2, Qchl.saw-5A.2, Qchl.saw-5A.3, and Qchl.saw-5B.2) were detected in the RIL population. Qchl.saw-3B.2, possibly more suitable for marker-assisted selection of genotypes adapted to irrigated conditions, was validated by a tightly linked kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) marker in a doubled haploid population derived from a different cross. Qchl.saw-5A.3, a novel stably expressed QTL, was detected in the dryland environments and explained up to 23.25% of the phenotypic variation, and has potential for marker-assisted breeding of genotypes adapted to dryland conditions. The stable and major QTLs identified here add valuable information for understanding the genetic mechanism underlying chlorophyll content and provide a basis for molecular marker–assisted breeding.

Highlights

Chlorophyll is the key element for photosynthesis, which captures light energy to drive electron transfer to its reaction center
The chlorophyll content in flag leaves is regarded as an indicator of drought resistance in wheat under drought stress (Farooq et al, 2014; Barakat et al, 2015)
Principal component analysis showed that environmental factors had considerable influence on phenotypic values, and drought stress increases the phenotypic variation (Figure 1B)

Summary

Introduction

Chlorophyll is the key element for photosynthesis, which captures light energy to drive electron transfer to its reaction center. Photosynthetic activity in the flag leaves of wheat contributes about 50% to the grain yield (Verma et al, 2004; Zhu et al, 2016). Drought stress at the grain-filling stage is a common occurrence in wheat crops. This leads to accelerated degradation of chlorophyll in photosynthetic organs such as leaves, reduced photosynthetic rate, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency (Yang B. et al, 2016), lower fixation and assimilation of CO2 (Yang D. et al, 2016) leading to restricted dry matter accumulation and grain development (Farooq et al, 2014). The chlorophyll content in flag leaves is regarded as an indicator of drought resistance in wheat under drought stress (Farooq et al, 2014; Barakat et al, 2015). Molecular studies on the genetic regulation of flag leaf chlorophyll content are of considerable significance for maintaining and improving yield potential under drought stress conditions

Methods

Results

Conclusion