Abstract
Fascioliasis—a disease caused by Fasciola spp. (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda: Digenea)—is considered as the most important helminthic infection of bovine, sheep, and buffalo in Vietnam. The aim of this study is to detect the genotype of Fasciola spp. isolated from bovine and buffalo in the Nghe An province, central Vietnam, using PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis of the first nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1). Adult Fasciola spp. were isolated from bile ducts of bovine and buffalo in Nghe An province, Vietnam. Overall, 96 adult flukes from livers of slaughtered animals were collected from abattoirs of different areas. They included 7 samples from infected bovine and 89 samples from infected buffalo. 96/96 samples were identified as Fasciola species by ITS1 of rDNA. In this study, a PCR-RFLP method was used to distinguish between F. hepatica and F. gigantica in ITS1 of rDNA (680 bp) with RsaI restriction enzyme. RFLP pattern with RsaI produced a consistent pattern of 360, 100, and 60 bp fragments in F. hepatica, whereas F. gigantica worms had a profile of 360, 170, and 60 bp in size, respectively. The results showed that using PCR-RFLP based on the first internal transcribed spacers (ITS1) of the ribosomal RNA revealed that 93 out of 96 isolates were of Fasciola gigantica type, whereas three isolates presented an intermediate Fasciola. In the present study, F. gigantica and intermediate form were coexisting in bovine and buffalo in the Nghe An province of central Vietnam, whereas F. hepatica was not detected.
Highlights
Fascioliasis, a disease caused by the liver flukes of the genus Fasciola, is one of the most important food- and waterborne parasitic zoonoses
Several studies using ITS1 of rDNA showed that F. hepatica, F. gigantica, and their intermediate forms exist in different countries including Vietnam [8,9,10]
PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) assay is a powerful method to distinguish between F. hepatica and F. gigantica
Summary
Fascioliasis, a disease caused by the liver flukes of the genus Fasciola, is one of the most important food- and waterborne parasitic zoonoses. F. hepatica has a worldwide distribution and both species exist in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia [1, 2]. Differentiation of these two species, based on morphological characteristics such as the ratio of body length to width, is difficult due to the variation in their size, with respect to the age of flukes, involved host species, and fixation techniques used [3]. No reports in bovine and buffalo from Nghe An province exist This province is located in the centre of Vietnam.
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