Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are critical for insects to detect environmental stimuli and regulate homeostasis. Moreover, this superfamily has become potential molecular targets for insecticides or repellents. Pieris rapae is one of the most common and widely spread pests of Brassicaceae plants. Therefore, it is necessary to study TRP channels (TRPs) in P. rapae. In this study, we identified 14 TRPs in P. rapae, including two Water witch (Wtrw) genes. By contrast, only one Wtrw gene exists in Drosophila and functions in hygrosensation. We also found splice isoforms of Pyrexia (Pyx), TRPgamma (TRPγ) and TRP-Melastatin (TRPM). These three genes are related to temperature and gravity sensation, fine motor control, homeostasis regulation of Mg2+ and Zn2+ in Drosophila, respectively. Evolutionary analysis showed that the TRPs of P. rapae were well clustered into their own subfamilies. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that PrTRPs were widely distributed in the external sensory organs, including antennae, mouthparts, legs, wings and in the internal physiological organs, including brains, fat bodies, guts, Malpighian tubules, ovaries, as well as testis. Our study established a solid foundation for functional studies of TRP channels in P. rapae, and would be benefit to developing new approaches to control P. rapae targeting these important ion channels.
Highlights
The transient receptor potential (TRP) family members are six-transmembrane domain cationic channels with remarkable functions, such as thermosensation, chemosensation, vision, mechanosensation, hygrosensation and others to perceive the external environment [1,2]
Phylogenetic analysis arranged these sequences into TRPC, TRPA, TRP-No mechanoreceptor potential C (TRPN), TRPV, TRPM and TRML, but not into TRPP (Figure 1)
TRPA5 were found in their genomes and two TRPA5 existed in M. sexta
Summary
The transient receptor potential (TRP) family members are six-transmembrane domain cationic channels with remarkable functions, such as thermosensation, chemosensation (smell and taste), vision, mechanosensation (hearing and touch), hygrosensation and others to perceive the external environment [1,2]. In 1969, the first trp gene was identified from a Drosophila mutant with defective vision [3]. The mutant flies showed electroretinogram response to light transiently, this super family is named the transient receptor potential (TRP) [4]. After half a century development, TRP genes have been found and studied a lot in eukaryotes. It is divided into groups 1 and 2 based on sequence and topological differences [1]. The groups 1 TRPs include five subfamilies, TRP-Canonical (TRPC), TRP-Vanilloid (TRPV), TRP-Melastati (TRPM),TRP-Ankyrin (TRPA) and TRP-No mechanoreceptor potential C (TRPN) respectively, which share higher sequence similarity with trp gene than groups 2
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