Abstract
Background: Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, thus capable of differentiating into all types of cells derived from the three germ layers. However, the application of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for preclinical and clinical studies is difficult due to ethical concerns. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from differentiation and have many ESC characteristics. The study herein examines the production of iPSCs from reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via transduction with defined factors.
 Methods: MEFs were collected from mouse embryos via a previously published protocol. The cells were transduced with a single polycistronic viral vector encoding mouse cDNAs of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. Transduced cells were treated and sub- cultured with ESC medium. The cells were evaluated as iPSCs with specific morphology, and expression SSEA-1, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. In addition, they were also evaluated for pluripotency by assessing alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and in vivo teratoma formation.
 Results: Under the reprogrammed conditions, the transduced cells displayed a change in morphology, forming ESC-like clusters. These cell clusters strongly expressed pluripotent markers as well as ESC-specific genes. Furthermore, the colonies exhibited higher AP activity and formed teratomas when injected into the murine testis.
 Conclusion: The study herein suggests that MEFs can be reprogrammed into iPSCs using a polycistronic viral vector encoding mouse cDNAs for Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c- Myc
Highlights
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, capable of differentiating into all types of cells derived from the three germ layers
The study examines the production of Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via transduction with defined factors
Under the reprogrammed conditions, the transduced cells displayed a change in morphology, forming embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-like clusters
Summary
Background: Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, capable of differentiating into all types of cells derived from the three germ layers. The application of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for preclinical and clinical studies is difficult due to ethical concerns.
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