ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Herpesviridae 2021.

Derek Gatherer,Naoki Inoue,Rajeev Kaul,Daniel P Depledge,Vincent Lacoste,Andor Doszpoly,Stephen J Spatz,Andrew J Davison,Curtis R Brandt,Jakob Trimpert,Ursula A Gompels,Akbar Dastjerdi,Thomas B Waltzek,Francesco C Origgi,Philip E Pellett,Keith W Jarosinski,Carol A Hartley,Moriah L Szpara,Peter Norberg,Paola K Vaz,Daniela Schmid ,Neil Bryant ,James Stewart ,Mária Benkö ,Richard Orton

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001673

Abstract

Members of the family Herpesviridae have enveloped, spherical virions with characteristic complex structures consisting of symmetrical and non-symmetrical components. The linear, double-stranded DNA genomes of 125–241 kbp contain 70–170 genes, of which 43 have been inherited from an ancestral herpesvirus. In general, herpesviruses have coevolved with and are highly adapted to their hosts, which comprise many mammalian, avian and reptilian species. Following primary infection, they are able to establish lifelong latent infection, during which there is limited viral gene expression. Severe disease is usually observed only in the foetus, the very young, the immunocompromised or following infection of an alternative host. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Herpesviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/herpesviridae.

Highlights

Members of the family Herpesviridae have enveloped, spherical virions with characteristic complex structures consisting of symmetrical and non-s ymmetrical components
Translation Host range Taxonomy herpes simplex virus type 1 (JN555585), species Human alphaherpesvirus 1, genus Simplexvirus, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae Spherical (150–200 nm) particles with condensed DNA core, icosahedral capsid, tegument and a lipid envelope containing glycoproteins 125–241 kbp of linear dsDNA Infection has lytic and latent phases; transcription occurs in the nucleus by a kinetic cascade; DNA replicates by a rolling-c ircle mechanism to generate concatemers, from which genomes are cleaved and packaged into preformed capsids; virions mature in the cytoplasm Occurs from capped, polyadenylated mRNAs, some of which are spliced Mammals, birds and reptiles Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Peploviricota, class Herviviricetes, order Herpesvirales; 3 subfamilies, >10 genera and >100 species
The lipid envelope contains integral viral glycoproteins forming a network of spikes

Summary

Introduction

Members of the family Herpesviridae have enveloped, spherical virions with characteristic complex structures consisting of symmetrical and non-s ymmetrical components. Translation Host range Taxonomy herpes simplex virus type 1 (JN555585), species Human alphaherpesvirus 1, genus Simplexvirus, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae Spherical (150–200 nm) particles with condensed DNA core, icosahedral capsid, tegument and a lipid envelope containing glycoproteins 125–241 kbp of linear dsDNA Infection has lytic and latent phases; transcription occurs in the nucleus by a kinetic cascade; DNA replicates by a rolling-c ircle mechanism to generate concatemers, from which genomes are cleaved and packaged into preformed capsids; virions mature in the cytoplasm Occurs from capped, polyadenylated mRNAs, some of which are spliced Mammals, birds and reptiles Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Peploviricota, class Herviviricetes, order Herpesvirales; 3 subfamilies, >10 genera and >100 species Virions consist of a core, capsid, tegument and envelope (Table 1, Fig. 1) [1].

Results

Conclusion