Abstract
This research describes the influence of biotic and abiotic characteristics on fish fauna structure that inhabits the stands of aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia azurea and Eichhornia crassipes. 182 individuals were sampled belonging to 27 fish species in Camaleão lake, Central Amazonia. Values of dissolved oxygen and water temperature varied from 2.11 to 4.02mgL-1 and 29.17 to 30.93ºC for the stands of E. crassipes, and from 1.29 to 2.59 mgL-1 and 28.32 and 29.95ºC for E. azurea. The highest number of fish species (24), individuals (134), biomass of roots (1572gm-2) belonged to E. azurea. Significantly differences among the stands were obtained to emerged portions (p < 0.018; F=8.891) and to the number of individuals that do not support hypoxia (p < 0.035; F=6.383). Diversity, evenness and similarity indexes show that fish assemblages associated to banks of E. azurea and E. crassipes have different structure and select the Eichhornia spp stand
Highlights
A bacia Amazônica, em seus 7 milhões de km2, possui uma variedade de ambientes, entre os quais se destacam praias, igarapés, paranás, rios e lagos de várzea
Fish fauna associated to aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia azurea (SW.) Kunth. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. at Camaleão lake, Central Amazonia, Brazil
This research describes the influence of biotic and abiotic characteristics on fish fauna structure that inhabits the stands of aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia azurea and Eichhornia crassipes. 182 individuals were sampled belonging to 27 fish species in Camaleão lake, Central Amazonia
Summary
Foi realizada Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) com a finalidade de sintetizar os resultados do oxigênio dissolvido, a temperatura da água, a biomassa de colmo-folha, a biomassa de raiz, a abundância e a biomassa da ictiofauna e identificar de que forma essas variáveis se encontraram relacionadas às assembléias de peixes associadas aos estandes das macrófitas E. crassipes e E. azurea. Nos estandes de E. azurea foi coletado o maior número de indivíduos (134) pertencentes a 24 espécies e biomassa de 12,6gm-2. As espécies mais abundantes neste ambiente foram Synbranchus sp. (10), Mylossoma duriventre (9), Ctenobrycon hauxwellianus (5) e Serrasalmus spilopleura (5) representando 60,4% do total das capturas (Tabela 1). A biomassa das porções emersas e o número de indivíduos de peixes que não suportam hipóxia variaram significativamente entre os estandes de macrófitas (Tabela 3). Espécies comerciais segundo Ibama (1997) e Santos et al (2003) (RSA: adaptação para realizar respiração na superfície aquática)
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