I Spy

Abstract

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1 Loch K. Johnson and James J. Wirtz (eds), Strategic Intelligence: Windows into a Secret World (Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury, 2004), p. 2. 2 Paul R. Pillar, ‘Intelligence, Policy, and the War in Iraq’, Foreign Affairs, vol. 85, no. 2, 2006, pp. 15, 16. 3 Lawrence Wright, The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11 (New York: Knopf, 2006). 4 National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States (Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004), available at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/pdf/fullreport.pdf. 5 See Amy B. Zegart, Flawed by Design: The Evolution of the CIA, JCS, and NSC (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999). 6 The Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction (Laurence H. Silberman and Charles S. Robb, co-chairs), ‘Preface’, Report to the President of the United States, 31 March 2005, available at http://www.wmd.gov/report. 7 Ibid., p. 6. 8 Ernest R. May and Philip D. Zelikow (eds), The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House During the Cuban Missile Crisis (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997); Ernest R. May, Strange Victory: Hitler's Conquest of France (New York: Hill and Wang, 2000). 9 Remarkably, this was not the case until recently in the United Kingdom, which until 1989 traced authority for its intelligence services to a six-paragraph administrative note from the home secretary known as the ‘Maxwell-Fyfe Directive’. 10 Iraq: Prime Minister's Meeting (Memorandum by David Manning; Secret and Strictly Personal – UK Eyes Only) (London: S 195/02, 23 July 2003), available in ‘The Secret Downing Street Memo’, Sunday Times, 1 May 2005. 11 Barton Whaley, Codeword Barbarossa (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1973). 12 Murice R. Greenberg and Richard Haass (eds), Making Intelligence Smarter: The Future of U.S. Intelligence (New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1996), p. 13. 13 Thomas L. Hughes, The Fate of Facts in a World of Men: Foreign Policy and Intelligence-Making (New York: Foreign Policy Association, 1976), p. 22. Additional informationNotes on contributorsSimon ChestermanSimon Chesterman is Global Professor and Director of the New York University School of Law Singapore Programme. His recent books include Secretary or General? The UN Secretary-General in World Politics and (with Chia Lehnardt) From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military Companies.