Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the cardiovascular effects produced by transthoracic application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy (LIPUST).MethodsThree-month-old male Wistar rats (± 300 g, N=16) were randomly allocated in two groups, namely SHAM (control group, faked procedures) and UST (animals treated with LIPUST). These animals, under anesthesia, were instrumented (femoral artery and vein catheterization) for hemodynamic recordings (mean blood pressure [MBP], heart rate [HR]) and blood biochemical profile (lipids, creatine kinase-myocardial band [CK-MB]). Then, LIPUST (spatial average-temporal average [ISATA] 1-MHz, power 0.1 to 1.2 W/cm2, pulsed 2:8 ms, cycle at 30%, for three minutes) was applied to animals from the UST group, externally to their thorax. SHAM animals were equally manipulated, but without application of ultrasound energy. After the hemodynamic and biochemical measurements, animals were sacrificed, and their hearts were mounted in a Langendorff apparatus for coronary reactivity evaluation. Standard histology techniques were employed to analyze the hearts.ResultsLIPUST application caused statistically significant reductions in MBP (92±4 vs. 106±1 mmHg) and HR (345±14 vs. 380±17 rpm) when compared with SHAM procedures. UST rats exhibited higher CK-MB levels (318±55 vs. 198±26 U/dL) and lower plasma triglycerides levels (38±7 vs. 70±10 mg/dL) than SHAM animals. Coronary reactivity was not significantly changed by LIPUST. Cardiac histopathology showed an increase in capillary permeability in treated animals when compared with SHAM animals.ConclusionNoninvasive LIPUST induces significant metabolic and hemodynamic changes, including intensity-dependent bradycardia and hypotension, indicating a possible therapeutic effect for cardiac events.
Highlights
Similar curves from SHAM animals did not show any obvious change in the hemodynamic parameters (ΔMBP, HR)
It was observed that despite the apparent increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) values, there were no significant differences between SHAM and UST animals
In the original and present in vivo and in vitro studies, we show some cardiovascular effects elicited by transthoracic LIPUST to the heart from healthy Wistar rats
Summary
Three-month-old male Wistar rats (± 300 g, N=16) were randomly allocated in two groups, namely SHAM (control group, faked procedures) and UST (animals treated with LIPUST). These animals, under anesthesia, were instrumented (femoral artery and vein catheterization) for hemodynamic recordings (mean blood pressure [MBP], heart rate [HR]) and blood biochemical profile (lipids, creatine kinase-myocardial band [CK-MB]). LIPUST (spatial average-temporal average [ISATA] 1-MHz, power 0.1 to 1.2 W/cm, pulsed 2:8 ms, cycle at 30%, for three minutes) was applied to animals from the UST group, externally to their thorax. After the hemodynamic and biochemical measurements, animals were sacrificed, and their hearts were mounted in a Langendorff apparatus for coronary.
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