Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is considered one of the techniques used to improve the mandibular growth. Many animal studies have reported that significant results can be obtained using LIPUS therapy with functional appliances. This research aimed to evaluate the dentoskeletal changes produced by the combination of LIPUS therapy and functional treatment during the correction of skeletal class II malocclusion. Forty-five patients aged 10.5-14 years with skeletal class II division 1 malocclusion were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: the LIPUS group, treated with a Twin-Block appliance in combination with LIPUS therapy; the TB group, treated with a Twin-Block appliance only; and the control group, which was observational and received no treatment. Cephalometric changes were compared between the 3 groups using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests at p < 0.05. A greater significant decrease in the ANB (A point, nasion, B point) angle was observed in the treated groups (-2.67° for the LIPUS group and -2.11° for the TB group) as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). A greater improvement in the mandibular length and position was observed in the LIPUS group than in the TB group (p < 0.001). The changes in the control group as a result of continuing growth were minimal and clinically non-significant. The application of LIPUS therapy in combination with functional treatment can have a great effect on growth stimulation during the correction of class II malocclusion. In addition, LIPUS was effective in reducing the duration of functional treatment.
Highlights
Class II malocclusion is one of the most frequent ortho dontic problems, as its occurrence ranges from 18% to approx. 32% of the population,[1] and most class II maloc clusion cases are the result of mandibular deficiency and not of maxillary excess.[2,3] The treatment of class II mal occlusion varies widely; growth modification treatment shows the best results in patients with growth potential, but it depends on the phase of skeletal growth.[4,5]A wide range of functional appliances have been used to stimulate the mandibular growth by forwarding the mandible; they can cause a significant improvement in the facial esthetics and occlusal relationships.[6]
The application of Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy in combination with functional treatment can have a great effect on growth stimulation during the correction of class II malocclusion
LIPUS was effective in reducing the duration of functional treatment
Summary
A wide range of functional appliances have been used to stimulate the mandibular growth by forwarding the mandible; they can cause a significant improvement in the facial esthetics and occlusal relationships.[6]. Several tech niques have been suggested to improve the mandibular growth, such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), growth hormones and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). These techniques can reduce the duration of functional treatment.[7]. LIPUS has been applied to accelerate bone fracture healing.[8,9]. It can stimulate the man dibular growth by effectively increasing the cartilaginous growth potential in the mandibular condylar cartilage. Many animal studies have reported that significant results can be obtained using LIPUS therapy with functional appliances
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