Abstract
Abstract A redescription of Hypostomus hermanni is presented herein along with the description of a new species of Hypostomus, which is apparently endemic to the Ivaí River basin, a tributary of the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Hypostomus hermanni is diagnosed from congeners mainly by having: usually large black blotches on body and fins; absence of keels on compound pterotic, on pre-dorsal plates, and on lateral series of bony plates; by having parieto-supraoccipital and predorsal region flat; and by having less than 46 teeth per each premaxilla or dentary ramus. The new species is distinguished from congeners mainly for lacking conspicuous blotches, parieto-supraoccipital non-carinate, and villiform bicuspid teeth.
Highlights
Hypostomus Lacepède, 1803 is the richest genus of the subfamily Hypostominae, comprising about 140 valid species (Zawadzki et al, 2018) as well as the second largest genus within Siluriformes
Hypostomus hermanni is distinguished from the species of the supergroup H. cochliodon Kner, 1854 by having viliform teeth and dentaries usually angled more than 100° (vs. spoon- or shovel-shaped teeth and dentary rami angled to each other up to 80°; from the species of the super-group H. hemiurus (Eigenmann, 1912) by having round dark blotches; from the species of the super-group H. plecostomus (Ihering, 1905) by lacking rows of odontodes on keels along lateral series of plates; from H. nematopterus Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1984 by lacking elongate dorsal-fin ray
Hypostomus hermanni is distinguished from congeners from the Upper Paraná River basin by its usually conspicuous, large and widely spaced dark blotches, its smooth body, witthout keels, and by its wide and somewhat depressed head
Summary
Hypostomus Lacepède, 1803 is the richest genus of the subfamily Hypostominae, comprising about 140 valid species (Zawadzki et al, 2018) as well as the second largest genus within Siluriformes. Hypostomus is one of the most diverse and complex genera of South American catfishes (Carvalho et al, 2010; Tencatt et al, 2014). Despite some recent descriptions of new species (Oliveira et al, 2020; Zawadzki et al, 2020), this scenario has not been substantially changed. To the high diversity of Hypostomus, the briefness of the descriptions from the former centuries allied to the absence of knowledge of the distribution patterns of each species lead to a common high amount of misidentifications in literature, museums, and conservation status lists
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