Hyponymic and graduonymic relations of forestry terms in German and Uzbek languages

Abstract

The article deals with the hyponymic analysis of forestry terms in German and Uzbek languages, and this is one of the main points of the scientific work. In linguistics, it is very important to combine the lexical layers of the language into one system and divide them into lexical-semantic groups. The series divided into separate lexical-semantic groups includes synonyms, antonyms, as well as hypo-hyperonymic series. They are not only connected with each other on the basis of clear semantic connection, but also form a whole microsystem. Also, in the article, the meaning of words was studied by combining them into thematic and lexical-semantic groups. The features of lexical graduonymy are also discussed. Taking into account the wide spread of hyponymic relations in forestry terminology, a number of analyzes were conducted on terms related to subjects taught at forestry faculties. The following subjects are: Forest Breeding, Forest Phytopathology, Dendrology, Forest Medicinal Plants, Forest Entomology, Forest Formation and Anatomy of Forest Plants. According to the type relations of the collected terms, the differential semantics related to the general meaning of the term is distinguished. At the same time, it was found that the study of hypohyperonymic lines in German and Uzbek languages based on forestry terms serves to systematize lexicography.