Abstract
In order to avoid low absorption, incorporation, and undesirable side effects of inorganic oxovanadium compounds, the antidiabetic activities of organic oxovanadium (IV) compounds in alloxan-induced diabetic mice were investigated. Vanadyl carboxymethyl carrageenan (VOCCA) and vanadyl carboxymethyl chitosan (VOCCH) were synthesized and administrated through intragastric administration in different doses for 20 days in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Glibenclamide was administrated as the positive control. Our results showed that low-dose group, middle-dose group, and high-dose group of VOCCA and VOCCH could significantly reduce the levels of blood glucose (P < 0.05) compared with untreated group, but not in normal mice. Besides, high-dose groups of VOCCA and VOCCH exhibited more significant hypoglycemic activities (P < 0.01). After treated with VOCCH, the oral glucose tolerance of high-dose group of VOCCH was improved compared with model control group (P < 0.05).
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM), which results from insulin deficiency or insulin resistance, is a serious chronic metabolic disease [1]
Our results showed that low-dose group, middle-dose group, and high-dose group of VOCCA and VOCCH could significantly reduce the levels of blood glucose (P < 0.05) compared with untreated group, but not in normal mice
The vanadium intake amount in the form of VOCCH and VOCCA was significantly lower than that of VOSO4 [22]. These results indicated that the anti-diabetic abilities of VOCCH and VOCCA were more effective than VOSO4
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM), which results from insulin deficiency or insulin resistance, is a serious chronic metabolic disease [1]. Active therapeutic agents instead of painful insulin injections for type 1 DM and synthetic drugs without side effects for type 2 DM have become an urgent and important requirement. It has been demonstrated that many vanadium compounds possess therapeutic effects as insulin mimetics [4, 5]. Heyliger et al first reported the insulin mimetic activity of oral vanadate in vivo in 1985 [6]. In order to enhance both lipophilicity and bioavailability of vanadium compound, overcome the disadvantage of side effects, increase the half-life of the compound, decrease systemic drug toxicity, improve treatment absorption rates, and provide protection for pharmaceuticals against biochemical degradation, two types of less toxic vanadyl (+4 oxidation state of vanadium) complexes with different coordination structures were synthesized and examined
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