Abstract
For the first time, it has been demonstrated that TiO2 optical properties can be improved by doping Fe using flash sintering. Hyperdoped TiO2 (doped with 10 at% Fe) fabricated using flash sintering, exhibited remarkable improvements in optical characteristics. Hyperdoping (exceeding the equilibrium solubility limit), induces charge trap centers or inhibits charge recombination in semiconductors. By employing XPS and UV-Vis spectroscopy, surface species alterations including oxygen vacancies, Ti4+, Ti3+, and optical characteristics were investigated. With varying holding periods, flash sintering unveiled substantial enhancements in optical absorbance and absorption regions by generating Ti3+ and oxygen vacancies. Notably, a 10-second hold time during flash sintering displayed the highest redshift among the investigated samples, indicating superior optical improvement. Oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ increased with decreased holding time during flash, suggesting the influence of flash sintering parameters on forming a metastable phase, signifying the pivotal role of flash sintering's time parameter in modulating material properties.
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