Hygienic assessment of priority factors of labor conditions in modern medical organizations

Abstract

Currently, one of the main tasks of the state and society is to preserve and strengthen the health of the able-bodied population. Employees of medical organizations are exposed to the combined effects of a significant number of harmful occupational factors. In particular, factors of the production environment include biological, chemical and physical, factors of the labor process — tension and severity. Therefore, the study of working conditions of medical personnel is a priority in occupational hygiene. The purpose of the study is to identify the priority production-related and occupational pathology in a medical organization. The object of the study was 1443 maps of special assessment of working conditions, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies of microclimate parameters, lighting (5398 measurements in 60 rooms), air samples for the content of microorganisms (727 samples). According to studies of the conditions and nature of work at the workplaces of medical workers in the studied medical organizations, according to the results of a special assessment of working conditions and their own research, they corresponded to the harmful class 1–3 and for cancer hospital workers of the 4th degree. The level of maximum microbial load in the resident and nursing rooms increased by the middle of the work shift and remained high until the end of the working day. Since the air velocity in the studied rooms was at a very low level, this criterion may be a risk factor for aggravating the course of general somatic pathologies and, as a consequence, the development of production-related morbidity among medical workers. It can also be noted that in 100 % of cases, fungi were detected, with this number decreasing by the end of the working shift, representatives of the genus Staphylococcus, on the contrary, tended to increase from the beginning of the worker to its end. The conditions and nature of the work of medical workers in the studied medical organizations, according to the results of a special assessment of working conditions, corresponded to a harmful class of 1–4 degrees. The 4th degree of the 3rd class of working conditions was due to the work of staff with cytostatic drugs. The microclimatic parameters corresponded to hygienic standards (at low air speeds). In 100 % of cases, fungi and representatives of the genus Staphylococcus were found in all air samples. A detailed study of the species identification of micromycetes in the indoor air showed that the number of micromycetes of the genus Penicillium and Aspergillus significantly exceeded the number of other species.