Hygienic aspects of the analysis of occupational morbidity of agricultural workers in the Kemerovo region

Abstract

Unfavorable working conditions at the workplaces of agricultural enterprises are the reason for the development of occupational pathology, which makes it necessary to conduct a hygienic assessment of the occupational morbidity of workers in the agricultural sector of the Kemerovo region. The methods used are the analysis of primary statistical forms of accounting for occupational diseases, hygienic assessment of working conditions, and a comprehensive hygienic assessment of occupational morbidity in accordance with the «Methods of computer modeling of the sanitary and epidemiological situation with occupational morbidity in the Kemerovo region. Methodological recommendations» using the cluster analysis program «Cluster Analysis». For the period 2008–2018. In the region, only 58 cases of occupational diseases were registered among agricultural workers, while 90 % of enterprises are classified as objects of the 2–3 group of sanitary and epidemiological welfare. In contrast to the gradual decline in indicators in the country as a whole, the region recorded peaks in the incidence in 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2017. At the same time, the correlation analysis indicates a direct strong correlation between the dynamics of occupational morbidity in the region and in the Russian Federation (R = 0.862702; p < 0.05). The results of the analysis of the method of establishing the diagnosis indicate that in relation to diseases that arose as a result of exposure to physical overload, vibroacoustic factors, only 60 % were detected during periodic medical examinations. The structure of occupational diseases was dominated by radiculopathy — 33 %, vibration disease — 31 %, brucellosis — 25 %. The analysis of cause-and-effect relationships, the clusters of professions obtained using the method of mathematical modeling (driver and blacksmith-cluster distance 1,4, mechanic and plasterer-cluster distance 2,2, independent clusters-tractor driver and wood feller) and the similarity of the development of unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situations in relation to them should be used in the activities of the Rospotrebnadzor Department as a basis for planning control and supervisory measures and for justifying preventive measures to preserve labor potential.