Abstract
In this study, we develop the optimum composition of copper oxide/ruthenium oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CuO/RuO2/MWCNTs) ternary nanocomposite via a hydrothermal method as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitor applications. The ratio between CuO and RuO2 varied to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. The synthesized nanocomposites are analyzed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Furthermore, the elemental composition is analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and the specific capacitance was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) methods. The electrochemical investigations is conducted in a three-electrode system and the sample is attached on a stainless steel plate as the working electrode; platinum wire works as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, adopting 3 M (NH4)2SO4 as the electrolyte. The resultant of CuO/RuO2/MWCNT nanocomposite with 7 wt% Cu and 20 wt% Ru was found to perform the highest specific capacitance of 461.59 F/g in a current density of 1 A/g.
Highlights
There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly technologies that reduceCO2 production in various manners, such as fuel cells, solar cells, CO2 reduction and supercapacitors [1,2,3]
The SEM images of CuO/RuO2 /MWCNT nanocomposites revealed that CuO/RuO2 NPs were well dispersed on the surface of the MWCNTs with uniform size and random directions
The results suggest that a higher loading of Ru results in a low utilization of RuO2 particles in the nanocomposite; the utilization is higher for a lower Ru content dispersed on the surface of the MWCNTs
Summary
There is an increasing demand for environmentally friendly technologies that reduce. CO2 production in various manners, such as fuel cells, solar cells, CO2 reduction and supercapacitors [1,2,3]. There is an important category of supercapacitors called hybrid supercapacitors that combine electric double layer capacitances (EDLCs: carbon-based materials) and pseudo-capacitance (transition metal oxides) [10,11,12]. Among various TMOs, ruthenium oxide, with its two distinct adsorption sites on the surface, has been widely identified as a promising material for electrochemical storage devices, owing to its high specific capacitance, chemical activity and having good reversibility and stability [15,16,17]. The current investigation mainly focuses on utilizing the pseudocapacitive metal oxides, such as ruthenium oxide and copper oxide (RuO2 and CuO) NPs, in a hybrid nanocomposite and upholding the synergistic effect from these binary metal oxides with the highly conductive carbon support (MWCNTs), to obtain better electrochemical signatures. The influence of blending ruthenium oxide and copper oxide with MWCNTs to prepare a ternary nanocomposite, by varying the metal ratio of ruthenium (Ru) and copper (Cu), on capacitive behavior is discussed in detail
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