Abstract
AbstractThe Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge is well known for its abundance of hydrothermal vents and chimneys. One‐meter scale multibeam mapping data collected by an autonomous undersea vehicle revealed 572 chimneys along the central 14 km of the segment, although only 47 are named and known to be active. Hydrothermal deposits are restricted to the axial graben and the near‐rims of the graben above a seismically mapped axial magma lens. The sparse eruptive activity on the segment during the last 4,300 years has not buried inactive chimneys, as occurs at more magmatically robust mid‐ocean ridges.
Highlights
IntroductionThe Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, hereafter referred to as Endeavour, is unusual for its widespread hydrothermal venting that has produced abundant large sulfide chimneys in a setting characterized by low volcanic output and intense tectonism (e.g., Delaney et al, 1992; Glickson et al, 2007; Karsten et al, 1986; Karsten et al, 1990; Kelley et al, 2012; Robigou et al, 1993)
The Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge is well known for its abundance of hydrothermal vents and chimneys
The Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, hereafter referred to as Endeavour, is unusual for its widespread hydrothermal venting that has produced abundant large sulfide chimneys in a setting characterized by low volcanic output and intense tectonism (e.g., Delaney et al, 1992; Glickson et al, 2007; Karsten et al, 1986; Karsten et al, 1990; Kelley et al, 2012; Robigou et al, 1993)
Summary
The Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, hereafter referred to as Endeavour, is unusual for its widespread hydrothermal venting that has produced abundant large sulfide chimneys in a setting characterized by low volcanic output and intense tectonism (e.g., Delaney et al, 1992; Glickson et al, 2007; Karsten et al, 1986; Karsten et al, 1990; Kelley et al, 2012; Robigou et al, 1993). The segment was specified as a RIDGE 2000 Program Integrated Study Site and later was selected as the site for a node of the cabled observatory operated by NEPTUNE Canada (Kelley et al, 2014) It has been the site of numerous hydrothermal, biological, geological, and geophysical studies (e.g., Delaney et al, 1992; Kelley et al, 2002; Kelley et al, 2012) dating back to the 1980s. The subsequent hydrothermal phase began inside the widening axial graben ~2,300 years ago as defined by ages of sulfide deposits (Jamieson et al, 2013) and minimum ages of lava flows within the axial graben (Clague et al, 2014). We describe and discuss the spatial distribution of the mapped hydrothermal chimneys and present maps of the five named vent fields
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