Hydrolysed fish protein concentrate (FPC) reduces viscera mass in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed plant-protein-based diets

Abstract

Atlantic salmon fed diets devoid of fishmeal but added 0.5 g kg−1 fish protein concentrate (FPC) showed reduced growth and lipid deposition without affecting protein accretion as compared to fish fed a fishmeal-based control diet. The aim of the current study was to assess whether higher inclusion of FPC improved the growth and lipid deposition of Atlantic salmon (initial body weight 380 g) fed high plant protein diets. Quadruplicate groups of fish were fed diets containing 200 g kg−1 fishmeal of which was replaced with FPC (150, 112, 75, 38 and 0 g kg−1) for a period of 79 days. The rest of the diet protein was a mixture of plant proteins. The lipid source used was fish oil. A fishmeal-based diet was included as a positive control for growth performance. None of the test diets differed from the positive control-fed fish in voluntary feed intake, growth performance or nutrient accretion. Thus, the test diets were found appropriate to assess the effect of FPC inclusion. Replacement of fishmeal with increasing concentration of FPC did not affect voluntary feed intake (P = 0.56), but growth performance decreased (P = 0.02) resulting in an increased feed conversion ratio (P = 0.003). Viscerosomatic index decreased as diet FPC inclusion increased (P = 0.012) without affecting the dress out weight (P = 0.08). Thus, the apparently improved growth in fish fed the diets with the low FPC inclusion was because of a higher visceral mass. Possible reasons for the reduced visceral mass following addition of FPC to high plant protein diets are discussed.