Abstract
The article is devoted to the history of Aral Sea expeditions organized by the Turkestan section of the Russian Geographical Society at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries. The study analyzes the theoretical and practical importance of geographical and hydrological study of the Aral Sea basin by the Turkestan section of the Russian Geographical Society, conditioned by the political and economic interests of the Russian Empire in the Central Asian region. L. S. Berg carried out the most important scientific studies of the Aral Sea in the period from 1899 to 1906; the scientist realized scientific projects on geography on the basis of which the practical solutions to the problems of socio-economic development of the region were proposed. The author concludes that science, scientific expeditions, researches of the Russian Geographical Society scientists influenced the political and economic course of imperial Russia in Central Asia. The article will allow to take a new look at the problems of colonization of imperial outskirts and will show the mechanisms of interaction of science, power, and society in the Central Asian region.
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