Abstract
In this study, hydrogeochemical processes controlling groundwater chemistry and groundwater quality were investigated. Drinking water is supplied from groundwater (mostly spring and well water) in the study area. The various parameters such as physicochemical parameters, major ions, trace elements and nitrogen derivatives of groundwater samples of were analyzed. These analysis results are compared with drinking water standards for suitability and it does not exceed the permissible limit values, except for the As and F contents of some samples. The results of major ion chemistry of groundwater in the Yalvaç–Gelendost basin suggest that the silicate weathering and ion exchange are the main controlling hydrogeochemical processes in the variation of groundwater quality. The water types are Ca–Mg–HCO3, Mg–Ca–HCO3 and Ca–HCO3 in the basin.Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment associated with arsenic, nitrate and fluoride was assessed by oral (ingestion) and dermal pathways for adult and child. For child, hazard coefficient and hazard index values are less than 1, and a negative effect on usage as drinking water and dermal (skin contact) absorption not expected. But, potential non-carcinogenic effect with oral intake is likely to occur for some water samples for adults. In addition, carcinogenic risk of As element was evaluated for adults and child related to oral and dermal effect. The carcinogenic risk of As through oral intake may pose health risks for children. For adults, it has been determined that water ingestion with dermal exposure may cause cancer. Arsenic is the main toxic element for human health in the study area. The content of As decreases in seasonal water samples. In this case, the negative effect of arsenic intake with ingestion and dermal pathways on health decreases.
Highlights
While the need for surface and groundwater resources has increased in the last century with population growth and industrialization, increasing human pressure has negatively affected existing water resources in terms of quality and quantity
Drinking water in the study area is mostly supplied from springs
For the use of water samples as drinking water, water quality was evaluated with the standard guideline values as advised by WHO (2017) and health risk assessment was performed
Summary
While the need for surface and groundwater resources has increased in the last century with population growth and industrialization, increasing human pressure has negatively affected existing water resources in terms of quality and quantity. There are important problems in meeting the drinking, using and irrigation water needs of many countries in the world. Surface waters are more exposed to adverse effects and become unusable due to their easy accessibility. This situation has caused the groundwater to take a large place in meeting the water needs for different purposes. The chemistry of groundwater changes with degree of chemical weathering of the various rock types, aquifer composition interacting along the flow path, general geology and interaction time.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call